The quality of life of obese children with asthma

Abstract

Introduction: In the past decades we are experiencing an epidemical increase of asthma and obesity prevalence. Their coexistence suggests possible link between these two conditions. Numerous studies have investigated possible correlation and interaction between asthma and obesity, but results remain controversial. Overweight/obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. Mechanisms relating obesity to asthma are mechanical, genetic and immune modification (modifications of immune response). The consequences of coexistence between these two conditions include damage to various aspects of health. Objective and Methods: A review of literature in order to emphasise the impact of coexistence of these two conditions on the of life in children. The Quality of Life is defines as individuals' perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. Assessing the quality of life may help clinicians and researchers to understand the essence of specific diseases, establish the comparative efficacy of different treatments and to perceive what is more important from patients' point of view. Conclusion: Asthma and obesity are both chronic health problems. Numerous studies have proved that both conditions have a negative impact on children's QOL. The coexistence of these two conditions requires multidisciplinary approach for children with asthma and obesity. It emphasizes the need of the engagement of a medical team, including paediatrician-pulmonologist, endocrinologist, physiatrist, dietician, psychologist, cardiologist and nephrologists, who would complete standard medical examinations with assessment of quality of life. It would contribute to a better understanding of the impact of the deseases and treatment on various functional aspects and satisfaction of patients, as well as the possibility of improvement at different levels that can be modified. Physical activity and nutrition should become imperatives for medical staff and the society as y whole. Additional studies should be made to explain in what way the correlation between obesity and asthma can improve health and the quality of life of children.