The Quality of Eggs from Rosa 1 Hens Fed Diets Containing Seeds of Legume Plants (Lupinus luteus L., Lupinus angustifolius, and Pisum sativum) in Two Laying Phases.

Abstract

Simple SummaryThe use of legumes in diets for egg-laying hens exists as an alternative high-protein material in place of soybean meal, which will allow for wider production choices, including the elimination of genetically modified organism (GMO) products. The lack of negative impacts with legume usage on most of the examined traits and the improvement of the color of the yolk presents an attractive solution for the consumer market. The reduced content of anti-nutritional compounds in new varieties of lupins and peas is also a fact of the progress in agricultural production, including egg quality, which the producer can influence by feeding hens differently. The presented research indicates the possibility of using alternative feeding of laying hens in terms of the quality of table eggs.This study analyzes the eggs’ quality from hens fed with alternative protein to soybean meal (SBM) in relation to laying phase. Here, 226 hens are divided into the control (I) and experimental (II) groups and reared for 50 weeks. There were two feeding phases (weeks 1–36; 37–50). Quality was assessed for 20 eggs from each group. The eggs are analyzed for their external and internal traits. A higher albumen weight in II and higher weights of the components were found in the 37–50 weeks for both groups, also in the percentage of yolk and albumen, however lower eggshell percentage was found for both groups, at the same time they were less durable and found to be thinner. In II, the La Roche color and the L*, b* were lower, but the a* increased, as did the albumen height. In the second phase, the La Roche and DSM color were higher, while the Haugh unit and albumen height decreased. Factors’ interaction was demonstrated for color. Legumes can partly substitute SBM in feed for hens. There were no negative effects on the eggs’ quality for most traits. The differences between the laying phases are due to the natural course and the physiology of laying hens.