Abstract
An effcient way to study the QCD phase diagram at small finite density is to extrapolate thermodynamical observables from imaginary chemical potential. In this talk we present results on several observables for the equation of state to order (μB /T )6 . The observables are calculated along the isentropic trajectories in the (T , μB ) plane corresponding to the RHIC Beam Energy Scan collision energies. The simulations are performed at the physical mass for the light and strange quarks. μs was tuned in a way to enforce strangeness neutrality to match the experimental conditions; the results are continuum extrapolated using lattices of up to Nt = 16 temporal resolution.
Highlights
To analyse the quark gluon plasma that is created in heavy ion collision experiments at LHC or RHIC a theoretical understanding of the quark gluon plasma in QCD is needed
We investigated the equation of state around the QCD transition temperature at finite baryon chemical potential with lattice QCD
Since this can not be done directly due to the sign problem, we used simulations at imaginary baryon chemical potential to analytically continue to real chemical potentials
Summary
To analyse the quark gluon plasma that is created in heavy ion collision experiments at LHC or RHIC a theoretical understanding of the quark gluon plasma in QCD is needed. There have been several ideas in lattice QCD how to obtain results at real finite chemical potential like reweighting techniques [1,2,3,4], Taylor expansion [5,6,7,8,9], density of state methods [10, 11], using the canonical ensemble [12,13,14], the formulation with dual variables [15], Lefschetz thimbles [16, 17] or complex Langevin [18, 19] These techniques are not yet able to solve the sign problem completely, at the moment results that are continuum extrapolated and obtained at physical quark masses are restricted to vanishing or imaginary chemical potential.
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