Abstract
The canteen and laboratory of every academic organization need a lot of clean water, and it generates equivalent amount of wastewater every hour which is neither purified nor reused. Due to water scarcity, the recycling and reusing of wastewater become very essential. The present study describes the simple and cost-effective method for the design of a small-scale wastewater treatment plant for the purification of wastewater generated by household, canteen and laboratory of an academic institute. The current study explored the process of phytoremediation by Typha latifolia L. and Canna indica L. for removal of metal ions and phosphate ions from the wastewater. The partially treated water after phytoremediation was further purified by sand filtration. The various water quality parameters (pH, hardness, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity, total dissolved solids and metal ions) of the treated and untreated water were analyzed. It was observed that there are significant reduction in hardness, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand and increase in dissolved oxygen value. The treated water can be reused for various household works and agriculture.
Highlights
Water is a transparent liquid, covers approximately 75% of earth surface and is vital for all living forms of life
The current study describes the process of phytoremediation coupled with sand filter for the purification of wastewater generated from kitchen, canteen and chemistry laboratory of an academic institution
T. latifolia and C. indica plant has been used for the removal of heavy metal contaminant from the wastewater generated from laboratory and canteen/house respectively (Peter et al 2012; Prasad et al 2006)
Summary
Water is a transparent liquid, covers approximately 75% of earth surface and is vital for all living forms of life. For survival every living being should have access to sufficient amount of clean water. The word “water scarcity” describes the relationship between demand for water and its availability. Water scarcity is rapidly becoming a major problem for many developing countries which means shortage of enough water (quantity) and lack of access of safe water (quality) (Alcamo et al 2003; Alcamo et al 2007). With growing demand for water and depletion of the available water, assured supply of good quality water is becoming a major concern (Alonso-Castro et al 2009; Anning et al 2013).
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