The pulse-mass index as a predictor of cardiovascular events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

BackgroundPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have 3times the risk of death compared to the rest of the population, with cardiovascular events (CVD) being one of the main causes. Indices such as waist-height (W-Ht I), waist-hip (W-Hp I) and pulse-mass (PMI) predict CVD, though the behaviour is unknown in patients with SLE. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of PMI in the development of CVD in premenopausal women with SLE. MethodologyCohort study. Included were premenopausal women with SLE without prior CVD; excluded were those patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), pregnancy, thyroid disease, recent liposuction, and chronic kidney disease. Exposure variables were: PMI, W-Ht I, W-Hp I and metabolic syndrome at onset of the cohort. Considered confounding variables were time of evolution, disease activity, cumulative damage and treatment. Through semi-annual appointments, accident and emergency admittance and hospitalization records the CVD were screened. Analysis was performed with Cox for proportional hazards and survival with Kaplan Meier. ResultsWe included 238 women with a median age of 31 (18–52) years, with a follow-up of 8years. We identified 22 (9.6%) cases of CVD. In the Cox proportional hazards analysis, the prognostic variables were: PMI with HR=8.1 (95% CI: 1.1–65), metabolic syndrome with 2.4 (95% CI: 1–5.8), cumulative damage with HR=1.5 (95% CI: 1.1–2.2) and body fat percentage HR=2.8 (95% CI: 1.1–6.9). ConclusionsThe PMI is a better predictor factor of CVD in women with SLE.