The psychosocial adaptation of patients with skin disease: a scoping review

Xiu-Jie Zhang,Hui Xu,Da-Qiu Wang,Jun Zhang,Tie-Ying Shi,Ai-Ping Wang,Li Feng

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7775-0

Abstract

BackgroundSkin disease is a global public health problem that often has physiological, psychological and social impacts. However, it is not very clear how to adapt to these impacts, especially psychosocial adaptation of patients with skin disease.MethodsWe searched EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO from 2009 to 2018. The following themes were extracted from the included articles: the concepts, related factors, and interventions for psychosocial adaptation of patients with skin disease. Two reviewers independently screened and analyzed.ResultsFrom 2261 initial records, 69 studies were identified and analyzed. The concept of psychosocial adaptation in patients with skin disease was referred to under an assortment of descriptions. The related factors for psychosocial adaptation in patients with skin disease included the following: demographic factors (sex, age, education level, ethnicity, BMI, sleep quality, marital status, exercise amount, family history, the use of topical treatment only, personality and history of smoking); disease-related factors (disease severity, clinical symptoms, localization and duration); psychological factors (anxiety/depression, self-esteem, body image, stigma and suicidal ideation); and social factors (social support, social interaction, sexual life, economic burden and social acceptance). Despite being limited in quantity, several studies have clarified the benefits of adjuvant care in the form of cognitive behavioral training, educational training and self-help programs, all of which have become common methods for dealing with the psychosocial impacts.ConclusionsBased on the previous literatures, we constructed a protocol of care model for psychosocial adaptation in patients with skin disease. It not only provided the direction for developing new instruments that could assess psychosocial adaptation statue, but also a basis for helping patients adjust to changes in skin disease.

Highlights

As the largest organ of the human body, the skin is the main barrier that resists the outside world.[1]
Roy defines adaptation as the process and outcome whereby thinking and feeling persons as individuals or in groups use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration, including physiological, psychological and social aspects.6The British Association of Dermatologists suggested that 85% of patients with skin disease have reported that the psychosocial impacts of their disease are a major component of illness, which is a concerning statistic.[7]
Various concepts of psychosocial adaptation for patients with skin disease A clear conceptual definition of psychosocial adaptation is identified by Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis, and the identified attributes of PA include change, process, continuity, interaction and influence, all of which were present in the multidisciplinary literature reviewed, demonstrating the wide use of the concept.[20, 21]

Summary

Introduction

As the largest organ of the human body, the skin is the main barrier that resists the outside world.[1]. Roy defines adaptation as the process and outcome whereby thinking and feeling persons as individuals or in groups use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration, including physiological, psychological and social aspects.6The British Association of Dermatologists suggested that 85% of patients with skin disease have reported that the psychosocial impacts of their disease are a major component of illness, which is a concerning statistic.[7] Psychological and social analyses reveal that if the body is stimulated. Skin disease is a global public health problem that often has physiological, psychological and social impacts. It is not very clear how to adapt to these impacts, especially psychosocial adaptation of patients with skin disease

Methods

Results

Conclusion