THE PSYCHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF HYPOCHONDRIACAL PERSONAL DISORDERS IN THE DIFFERENTIAL APPROACH

Abstract

The article substantiates the mechanisms of the origin and development of hypochondriacal disorders at an individual’a professional burnout and discusses the basic psychological diagnostic approaches to this problem. The list of symptomatic features of the disorder is presented, similarities and differences of control and experimental groups are examined for this. General scientific methods were used to study different scientific sources, the works of national scientists, which allowed us to reconstruct the real facts of the studied problem. The etiology and development of hypochondriacal disorders in the group, researched during their professional work, was analyzed. The transformations of the respondents’ vital values and priorities for the future were marked in the cases when complaints about the respondent’s health worsening had pathogenetic influence. The objective coverage of the topic was achieved by unbiased, non-momentary conclusions, by taking into account the views of previous researchers and reliable, proven information from the selected sources. At the same time, we did not evade critical judgments and evaluations for demonstration of real psychosomatic problems of hypochondriacal disorders. The hypochondriacal disorder by many criteria is similar to somatized disorders. But in contrast to them, patients with hypochondria experience an overwhelming fear of life-threatening, yet not-diagnosed, serious illness. The hypochondriacal disorder is characterized by monotonous, emotionally vague complaints, which are supported by a large number of documents accumulated during different checkups and examinations. The complex approach was to cover the main directions of hypochondria psychological diagnostics and treatment at an individual’s psychological burnout. The comprehensive diagnostic principles are characterized by multimodality of methods used to collect information on disease etiology. In its context, the ability to integrate information obtained by different methods should be taken into account. In particular, such structures as biological (including biochemical, neurophysiological, psycho-physiological spheres), psychological (an individual experience and human behavior), social (interpersonal interactions in society) and environmental (material security, quality of life) should be examined as preconditions for these pathogenic phenomena. Clinical diagnosis of hypochondriacal disorders was established according to the psychological diagnostic criteria presented in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Review (ICD-10: Class V. Mental and Behavioral Disorders) and DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. The following headings correspond to hypochondriacal symptoms: F45 - criteria for dysmorphobia, nosophobia, F45.0 - somatoform disorders, F45.2 - hypochondriacal disorders. The expert estimations and the interview method (Otto Kernberg’s structural interview by) were also used. &nbsp