Abstract
Patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) have many cardiovascular complications related to atherothrombotic complications. MS contributes premature atherosclerosis, increases platelet activation, promotes coagulation factors, and reduces fibrinolytic activity. The last step in the atherothrombotic cascade is blood clot formation, and altered clot structure is a key role to determine cardiovascular complications. The MS, caused in part by an excess of atherosclerosis and in part by fibrinolytic dysfunction, is profoundly related to an excess of CVD. These combinations of factors involved in MS parameters contribute the increased propensity of people with MS to develop atherothrombosis and fibrinolysis. Awareness and preventive measures are important to improve outcomes in patients with MS.
Highlights
The incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in people with metabolic syndrome (MS), including abdominal adiposity, elevated triglycerides, hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and glucose intolerance
Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane glycoprotein mostly found in monocytes and subendothelial cells
The TF pathway of blood coagulation will be activated by acting as a receptor for factor VIIa (FVIIa) after TF is exposed to blood
Summary
The incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in people with metabolic syndrome (MS), including abdominal adiposity, elevated triglycerides, hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and glucose intolerance. Several studies stated that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was increased and predicted myocardial infarction among patients with hyperglycemia.[1]. Arterial thrombosis leading to increase CVD in people with metabolic syndrome has been accelerated due to fibrinolytic disturbances. This stetting is supported by Grundy et al and Tsai et al, showing that abdominal obesity and diabetes are risk predictors of thrombosis in arteries and veins.[2,3]. This review highlights the understanding of the relationship between MS and fibrinolysis It could elaborate how the impact of MS on the clinical outcome of patients with myocardial infarction
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