Abstract
Productivity of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), the third most important oilseed crop, was reduced more than other crops under the salt stress higher than the threshold. Thus, breeding, especially at seedling stage, seems necessary. Plants under salt stress, by synthesis of essential metabolites, specific structural proteins or enzymes of metabolic pathways deal with the stress. To identify the molecular mechanisms of salt responsiveness in rapeseed, ‘Option500’ a salt-sensitive genotype was exposed to 0, 150, and 300mM NaCl during the seedling stage. An increase in proline and the Na+ content of leaf and a reduction in shoot dry weight, plant height, K+ content and K+/Na+ ratio were observed. Protein expression changes were examined by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Out of 110 protein spots identified by 2-DE gels, 37 spots showed significant abundant changes based on induction factor (IF), and 7 spots were recognized significantly at 5% probability level, which 1 and 6 spots were up and down-regulated, respectively. By using LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry analysis, proteins were identified which are involved in energy production and photosynthesis. Activity of enzymes involved in energy production decreased under stress, while the abundance of Phosphoribulokinase (PRK) -an important enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway- increased.
Highlights
Soil salinity is a global problem that through the effect on plant growth and limiting exploitation of agricultural lands has restricted the productions of agricultural crops (Joseph et al, 2010)
Variance analysis showed that the differences between salinity levels in all traits were significant at 5% probability
Two-dimensional electrophoresis of genotypes and protein spots analysis by using PDQuest software led to the identification of 110 repeatable protein spots in gels (Fig. 2). 44 spots among identified 110 spots, based on induction factor (IF) index, showed significant abundant changes, and after Student’s t-test, seven protein spots were significantly changed at 5% probability level, which spot 2405 was up-regulated and spots 3102, 3502, 4104, 4303, 8404 and 8501 were down-regulated (Fig. 3)
Summary
Soil salinity is a global problem that through the effect on plant growth and limiting exploitation of agricultural lands has restricted the productions of agricultural crops (Joseph et al, 2010). Oil seeds have the third place in the human food needs after cereals and beans. For optimal use of the saline soils, salinity control through planting tolerant genotypes is one of the basic strategies, because soil remediation needs more time and it is not economical (Purty et al, 2008). Since soil and water salinity are the most important limiting factors of Rapeseed production, breeding and using the tolerant genotypes to salt stress can be a good strategy to preserve the production levels in the face of salinity stress (Ashraf and Akram, 2009)
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