Abstract
OPINION article Front. Immunol., 26 November 2013Sec. Inflammation Volume 4 - 2013 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00412
Highlights
PROTEOGLYCANS PROVIDE A DIVERSE MOLECULAR POSTCODE FOR PROTEIN REGULATION Despite the diversity possible in GAG sequences, considerable specificity in chain composition is seen between and within different tissues [5, 6]
What is clear is that GAGs/PGs play an important role in the recruitment and regulation of a wide range of proteins, including modulators of the innate/cellular immune system, as well as those that are involved in tissue remodeling during inflammatory/disease processes
GAGs bind matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as well as their endogenous inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). This means that PGs are able to sequester MMPs and TIMPs in specific regions of the lung leading to direct regulation of enzyme activity; e.g., following acute lung injury or infection [9]
Summary
PROTEOGLYCANS PROVIDE A DIVERSE MOLECULAR POSTCODE FOR PROTEIN REGULATION Despite the diversity possible in GAG sequences, considerable specificity in chain composition is seen between and within different tissues [5, 6]. In the human eye it has been shown that specific GAG structures and PG core proteins are located in defined layers of the retina, resulting in remarkable compartmentalization even within the same organ [6, 7]; this has the potential to regulate the binding/function of proteins, such as those that control angiogenesis and innate immunity.
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