Abstract
The plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays an important role in mediating responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and is the main pathway through which extracellular stimuli are transduced intracellularly as signals. Our previous research showed that the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway plays an important role in cotton immunity. To further analyze the role and regulatory mechanism of the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway in cotton resistance to Fusarium wilt, we functionally analyzed GhMPK4. Our results show that silencing GhMPK4 reduces cotton tolerance to Fusarium wilt and reduces the expression of several resistance genes. Further experiments revealed that GhMPK4 is similar to GhMKK6, both of whose overexpression cause unfavorable cotton immune response characteristics. By using a yeast two-hybrid screening library and performing a bioinformatics analysis, we screened and identified a negative regulator of the MAPK kinase-protein phosphatase AP2C1. Through the functional analysis of AP2C1, it was found that, after being silenced, GhAP2C1 increased resistance to Fusarium wilt, but GhAP2C1 overexpression caused sensitivity to Fusarium wilt. These findings show that GhAP2C1 interacts together with GhMPK4 to regulate the immune response of cotton to Fusarium oxysporum, which provides important data for functionally analyzing and studying the feedback regulatory mechanism of the MAPK cascade and helps to clarify the regulatory mechanism through which the MAPK cascade acts in response to pathogens.
Highlights
GhMPK4 to Synergistically Regulate the Immune Response to Fusarium oxysporum in Cotton
Our previous research showed that the MKK6-MPK4 cascade plays an important role in the immune response of cotton to Fusarium oxysporum [46], and we found that
To further analyze the immune response of cotton challenged with Fusarium oxysporum, we studied the function of GhMPK4 downstream of GhMKK6
Summary
GhMPK4 to Synergistically Regulate the Immune Response to Fusarium oxysporum in Cotton. GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway plays an important role in cotton immunity. To further analyze the role and regulatory mechanism of the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway in cotton resistance to Fusarium wilt, we functionally analyzed GhMPK4. Further experiments revealed that GhMPK4 is similar to GhMKK6, both of whose overexpression cause unfavorable cotton immune response characteristics. GhAP2C1 overexpression caused sensitivity to Fusarium wilt These findings show that GhAP2C1 interacts together with GhMPK4 to regulate the immune response of cotton to Fusarium oxysporum, which provides important data for functionally analyzing and studying the feedback regulatory mechanism of the MAPK cascade and helps to clarify the regulatory mechanism through which the MAPK cascade acts in response to pathogens. PTI is the first layer of innate immunity, in which pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense conserved molecules or structures of pathogens and activate downstream defense responses [6,9,10]
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