Abstract
BackgroundContrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with T1 mapping enables quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Various factors, however, can interfere with T1 measurements. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of co-medication with a typical protein binding drug (Ibuprofen) on T1 values in vitro and in vivo.Methods50 vials were prepared with different concentrations of gadobenate dimeglumine, Ibuprofen and human serum albumin in physiologic NaCl solution and imaged at 1.5T with a spin echo sequence at multiple TRs to measure T1 values and calculate relaxivities. 10 volunteers (5 men; 31±6.3 years) were imaged at 1.5T. T1 values for myocardium and blood pool were determined for various time points after administration of 0.15mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine using a modified look-locker inversion-recovery sequence before and after administration of Ibuprofen over 24 hours. The partition coefficient was calculated as ΔR1myocardium/ΔR1blood, where R1=1/T1.ResultsIn vitro no significant correlation was found between relaxivity and Ibuprofen concentration, neither in absence (r=−0.15, p=0.40) nor in presence of albumin (r=−0.32, p=0.30). In vivo there was no significant difference in post contrast T1 times of myocardium and blood, respectively and also in the partition coefficient between exam 1 and 2 (p>0.05). There was good agreement of the T1 times of myocardium and blood and the partition coefficient, respectively between exam 1 and 2.ConclusionsContrast enhanced T1 mapping is unaffected by co-medication with the protein binding substance Ibuprofen and has an excellent reproducibility.
Highlights
Contrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with T1 mapping enables quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis
It has been demonstrated that T1 time as measured by T1 mapping by means of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) correlates with histologically proven fibrosis.[1]
The vials contained all combinations of the following dilutions: Gd-BOPTA corresponding to Gadolinium concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 8 and 16mmol/l, Ibuprofen in concentrations of 0, 100mg/l (=0.48mmol/l), 200mg/l (=0.97mmol/l), 400mg/l (=1.94mmol/l) and 1000mg/l (=4.85mmol/l), Albumin in concentrations of 0 and 4g/dl
Summary
Contrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with T1 mapping enables quantification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis. It has been demonstrated that T1 time as measured by T1 mapping by means of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) correlates with histologically proven fibrosis.[1] Post-contrast T1 values have been shown to be altered in various cardiac diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus [2], cardiac amyloidosis [3], chronic aortic regurgitation [4], adult congenital heart disease [5], and diabetic cardiomyopathy [6,7]. T1 mapping is technically demanding since technical, physiological, and biochemical factors can interfere with T1 measurements. Contrast material dose, relaxivity, biodistribution, clearance, interaction with plasma proteins, and interference with co-medication must be taken into consideration
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