Abstract
IntroductionCisplatin is one of the main chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of many types of cancer. However, ototoxicity, one of the most serious side effects of cisplatin, restricts its usage. ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the protective effects of whortleberry extract against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by evaluating hearing and histopathological cochlear damage and by measuring the biochemical parameters affected byoxidative stress. MethodsForty-eight male rats were included in the study after performing Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission test to confirm that their hearing levels were normal. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control group, the sham group, and, which received only whortleberry extract, only cisplatin, cisplatin+100mg whortleberry extract, cisplatin+200mg whortleberry extract, respectively. Audiologic investigation was performed by performing the Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission test at the beginning and at the eighth day of the study. Cardiac blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, and the rats were sacrificed to obtain cochlear histopathological specimens on the eighth day. ResultsThe results revealed that whortleberry protects hearing against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity independent of the dose. However, high doses of whortleberry extract are needed to prevent histopathological degeneration and oxidative stress. ConclusionThe results obtained in this study show that whortleberry extract has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
Highlights
Cisplatin is one of the main chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of many types of cancer
Forty-eight adult male Wistar albino rats ranging in weight from 250 g to 280 g were included in this study after using a Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE) test to confirm the health of their hearing
A DPOAE test was performed on the animals in all groups before the onset of the study, and the base Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) values were obtained at each frequency
Summary
Cisplatin is one of the main chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of many types of cancer. Objective: We aimed to investigate the protective effects of whortleberry extract against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by evaluating hearing and histopathological cochlear damage and by measuring the biochemical parameters affected byoxidative stress. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent frequently used for the treatment of many types of cancer. Side effects, such as ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity, are cisplatin’s dose-limiting side effects. Previous studies showed a worsening of hearing thresholds in 75---100% of patients who received cisplatin. This side effect was more common in the childhood age groups.[1,2]. Due to the close association of cytotoxicity with oxygen radicals, treatment research has focused on antioxidants for many years.[5,6]
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