The protective effect of different extracts of aerial parts of Artemisia ciniformis against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells

Leila Hosseinzadeh ,Siroos Mirzaei ,Seyed Ahmad Emami ,Marziyeh Hajialyani ,Fazlollah Ahmadi ,Mahdi Mojarrab

doi:10.7324/japs.2019.90403

Abstract

The major objective of this study is to investigate whether Artemisia ciniformis (A. ciniformis) is able to rescue the PC12 neuronal cells from H 2 O 2 -mediated oxidative stress. Different antioxidant and apoptotic assays were conducted on A. ciniformis. Among different A. ciniformis extracts, three (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and ethylacetate) were the most proper ones. The protective effects of these extracts against H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity were examined. Ethyl acetate (EA) extract was fractionated and total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) of fractions were estimated. EA extract was found to be the most effective extract on suppressing the toxicity of H 2 O 2 . It caused up to 35 reduction in H 2 O 2 -induced cellular death, more than 70 decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, 47 increase in SOD activity, almost 175 decrease in caspase-3 activity, and more than 27 elevation in mitochondrial membrane potential level. After fractionation, the most potent fraction (F3) was found active in protecting PC12 cells from oxidative stress consequences. This fraction possessed the highest ratio of flavonoid to non-flavonoid phenolic compounds (TFC = 125.03 ± 1.31 mg quercetin equivalent/g and TPC = 127.18 ± 6.00 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), suppressed the toxicity mediated by H 2 O 2 and successfully inhibited the overproduction of ROS caused by H 2 O 2 . These results altogether suggested A. ciniformis is a potential choice for preventing different neurodegenerative diseases. © 2019 Leila Hosseinzadeh et al.

Highlights

Evidences have shown that the oxidative stress possesses a vital role of in pathogenesis of many neurobiological diseases, such as stroke, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases, and contributes to the aging process (Albarracin et al, 2012; Chen et al, 2011; Uttara et al, 2009)
Another aim of this assay was to investigate whether pretreatment of cells with nontoxic concentrations of these extracts can reduce the toxicity of H2O2 in PC12 cells
In order to find out the non-toxic concentration of each extract, which can suppress the H2O2induced cytotoxicity on PC12 cells, we first examined the effect of different concentrations of each extract (0–50 μg/ml) on PC12 cell survival (Fig. 1a)

Summary

Introduction

Evidences have shown that the oxidative stress possesses a vital role of in pathogenesis of many neurobiological diseases, such as stroke, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases, and contributes to the aging process (Albarracin et al, 2012; Chen et al, 2011; Uttara et al, 2009). As reach sources of antioxidants, can potentially donate hydrogen to free radicals and inhibit molecular damages caused by oxidative stress (Albarracin et al, 2012). Regarding the profound capacity of natural antioxidants versus the established adverse effects of the synthetic ones, it is necessary to find naturally occurring compounds protecting neuronal cells against oxidative damages. Artemisia ciniformis Krasch & Popov ex Poljakov is one of the 34 Artmeisia species, which can be found in wide regions of Iran (Mozaffarian, 1996).

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion