Abstract

Non-invasive detection and prognostic evaluation of cancer represents a formidable challenge. Studies of the entire metabolite composition of cells promise advances towards this objective for prostate cancer. A systematic analysis of metabolites in prostate cancer samples has led to the discovery that sarcosine, an amino acid common in many biological tissues including muscle, is highly elevated in aggressive prostate cancers and detectable in the urine of men with prostate cancer. This makes sarcosine a candidate biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis. Targeted knockdown of the enzyme that generates sarcosine from glycine attenuated prostate cell invasion in mice, pointing to a possible role in metastasis, and adding the sarcosine pathway to the list of possible therapeutic targets.

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