Abstract
Micropropagation is a reliable technique in biotechnology and genetic engineering domain, which has been widely applied for rapid mass propagation of plants in vitro condition. Through micropropagation techniques, reproduction of plants can be attained from different explants using organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Over the decades, micropropagation techniques have offered tremendous potential for forest tree improvement. Eucalyptus is a woody plant species recalcitrant to in vitro culture. In general, the micropropagation of Eucalyptus culture processes and the genotype, environment surroundings, and age of explants in culture media is frequently linked with the occurrence of micropropagation variation. In the current review paper, an update of the most important physiological and molecular phenomena aspects of Eucalyptus micropropagation was linked to the most profound information. To achieve the mentioned target, the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs), nutrients, other adjuvant and environmental features, as well as genetic interaction with morpho- and physiological mechanisms was studied from the induction to plant acclimatisation. On the other hand, important mechanisms behind the organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis of Eucalyptus are discussed. The information of current review paper will help researchers in choosing the optimum condition based on the scenario behind the tissue culture technique of Eucalyptus. However, more studies are required to identify and overcome some of the crucial bottlenecks in this economically important forest species to establish efficient micropropagation protocol at the industrial level.
Highlights
Eucalyptus is a large genus of fast-growing evergreen trees and ornamental shrubs with more than 900 species, native to Australia, Indonesia, India, Portugal, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, and France [1]
The presence of either the Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-specific transport inhibitor 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) or the auxin antagonist kinetin caused the loss of root gravity perception, which is a response not detected in the shoots treated by p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB)
The micropropagation technology has matured to become popular in the biotechnology field where many researchers are looking to establish “recipes” to use in vitro culture
Summary
Eucalyptus (family Myrtaceae) is a large genus of fast-growing evergreen trees and ornamental shrubs with more than 900 species, native to Australia, Indonesia, India, Portugal, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, and France [1]. Besides having extensive forests, cultivation of Eucalyptus by seed is the most traditional way of propagation with varying degrees use of Eucalyptus in agroforestry systems, the essential oils extracted from this tree have been widely of competitive success establishment.studies. Vegetative decades, conventional breeding tools which have been implemented in forestry improvement progeny methods are broadly being used for asexual propagation of forest trees. The effectiveness of the methods depends on the physiological structure, shape, breeding techniques opened a new window to the clonal propagation of Eucalyptus. Depends on several factors including external (sugar concentrations, pH, media composition, Micropropagation, which mainly achieved viaaspects somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, is the trueplant growth regulators and temperature) and internal features (physiological to-type, virus-free,(PGRs), and rapid luminosity, propagation technique [13].
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