Abstract
Rye is one of the most commonly used sources of elite genes in wheat improvement programs. Due to the high collinearity of the genomes of both cereal species, it is possible to obtain interspecific chromosomal translocations and substitution lines. Rye chromatin is used to transfer numerous genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses into the wheat genome. Introgression has also resulted in improved agronomic traits. However, despite the numerous advantages, the transfer of large fragments or whole chromosomes has been quite often accompanied by a decrease in end-use quality. This paper presents an overview of the benefits and drawbacks of using rye as a source of variability in wheat breeding.
Highlights
Wheat is cultivated from the equator to the Arctic Circle, from sea level to a height of 4500 m above the sea level in Tibet [1]
We hope that this review will help both breeders and researchers around the world, and it will indirectly contribute to improving rye genetic resource characterisation as a source of new genes/alleles for wheat breeding programmes
Three of the four quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions for the root traits were located in the distal rye segment of the 1RLregion; the presence of this fragment significantly increased the root biomass in the 1RL.1BL translocation line [64,65]
Summary
Wheat is cultivated from the equator to the Arctic Circle, from sea level to a height of 4500 m above the sea level in Tibet [1]. Just as it has contributed to a significant improvement in productivity, it has led to a significant genetic erosion and loss of diversity [3]. To expand the gene pool, multiple wild and cultivated related species from Triticeae have been used in breeding programs. We will summarise information concerning the use of rye as a source of diversity and traits essential for further progress in wheat breeding. We will discuss how fragments of the rye genome contribute to improving the resistance of wheat to biotic and abiotic stresses and how they affect the agronomic traits and end-use value. We hope that this review will help both breeders and researchers around the world, and it will indirectly contribute to improving rye genetic resource characterisation as a source of new genes/alleles for wheat breeding programmes
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