The proposal about constructing the National Disaster Monitoring, Forecast and Control System

Abstract

It is known that different kinds of natural disaster cause big loss in people's lives and damage in properties every year in many countries, and the monitoring, forecast and control to prevent as mitigate the harm is very important indeed. Some kinds of disasters might be foreseen and the developing trend may be understood from the observation facilities under management of professional department. Here we suggest that the existing domestic and foreign monitoring systems, especially the space systems already in use, should be utilized for disaster mitigation purpose before some new system being developed specially for it. The information collection part of the Disaster Monitoring, Forecast and Control System (DMFCS) may be composed of three layers of sensing implements, the earth observing satellites, the remote sensing airplanes and the local ground sensing instruments whose data could be sent to the centers concerned through the data collcetion system (DCS) of various kinds of satellits. In coordination with the monitoring systems, the position fixing satellite system, the Global Positioning System (GPS/GLONASS) or the Radiodetermination Satellite Service (RDSS) which in China was named the Bisatellite Position Determination System (BPDS) under developing is also indispensable. In DMFCS the nucleus is the Control Center (DMFCC). It is connected with the centers of the existing professional organizations and the Regional Disaster Control Centers (RDCC). In this paper we pay more attention to the construction of DMFCC. The center should be led by the department particularly concerned with disaster prevention, preparedness and relief (as it has been announced by the United Nations). The Centers will fully utilize the real time information from the monitoring means and the information stored in the data base to display the state of the disasters, to help the decision of the department leader to issue instructions to the Regional Centers to take measures for controlling, rescue and salvation. It is also pointed out that the fundamental research works are necessary for the study of the cause, prediction and the social effect of natural disasters and the accumulation of data is important for further use too.