Abstract
In this study we consider 75 ocean-bottom earthquakes that occurred during the 1923–2013 period. Based on the slip-distribution data from the Finite-Source Rupture Model Database (SRCMOD) and Okada formulas, the vector fields of co-seismic bottom deformations were calculated. It is shown that, as a rule, the horizontal components of the sloping bottom deformation make an additional and essential contribution to the water displacement and the potential energy of the water-surface elevation that is similar in shape to the bottom surface displacement (the tsunami energy). On the basis of the analyzed relationships between the bottom deformation amplitude, the displaced water volume, tsunami energy, and the earthquake moment magnitude the corresponding regression dependencies were constructed. It is shown that the fraction of the potential energy of an earthquake that is converted into a tsunami increases with the increasing moment magnitude, but even during catastrophic earthquakes it is less than 0.1% of the total earthquake energy.
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