The Propagation of Stress Wave in the PZT-5H Composite Target and the Influence of Load Resistance on the Electrical Output Under the Strong Shock Loading

Abstract

To introduce the application background the self-powered technology for Fuze bridge fire, high overload microthermal battery activation, rocket ignition, and the aircraft escape actual condition lifesaving system ignition power supply, which intends to use the high-speed impact of piezoelectric ceramic in the process of missile launching high overload pressure or missile and target intersection in the process of high overload stress wave of piezoelectric ceramics and the transformation of power, for closer to confession technology for Fuze bridge ignition, high overload microthermal battery activation, rocket ignition, and aircraft escape system engineering problems. The stress wave propagation in the PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic composite target and load resistance effect to the electrical output characteristics is investigated under the strong shock loading; the experiments have been performed about cylindrical steel projectiles normal impact on PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic composite target by using polyvinylidene fluoride stress test system and electrical output test system combining with one-stage light gas gun loading system. The experimental results show that the stress duration and peak stress are about $9~\mu \text{s}$ and 232 MPa, respectively, when the cylindrical projectile impacts on piezoelectric ceramic composite target at the impact velocity of 345 m/s. The outputs of current pulse peak, voltage pulse peak, and energy peak are 20 A, 734 V, and 11 mJ under the stress interactions of 200–300 MPa. At the near-impact stress conditions, the electrical output characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics are greatly affected by the load resistance. The output voltage pulse increases with the increasing of load resistance value, and the values of the load resistance have a significant effect on output energy; output energy conversion rate is up to 82% when the load resistance is $50~\Omega $ .