Abstract
The article presents the study results of the breeding value of winter triticale lines in the main competitive variety-testing. The variety “Student” was used as a standard variety introduced into the State List of Protected Breeding Achievements in the Nizhny-Volga region. There have been selected the most valuable lines as the sources for use in breeding programs. There were identified such promising lines for high grain productivity as № 1 (F11Polessky 10/Vodoley), № 7 (F12Sargau/Polessky 7), № 9 (F8Vodoley/ADP-2//Modus), № 12 (F7Student/Vodoley) with potential of 65.5–83.0 hwt/ha. The plant height of these lines is reduced compared with the standard variety on 22–37 cm. The study results have shown the existence of a wide spectrum of genotypic variability of the “cell membrane permeability”, as a key physiological indicator of drought resistance among the triticale lines and varieties. According to the damage degree of cell membranes, the line № 9 and the variety “Svyatozar” were selected. The lowest value of this indicator was revealed in the genotypes (35.5 and 31.5%) and it does not differ from that in the winter rye variety “Saratovskaya 7” (33.5%, 13.1% of НСР05). The lines № 1, № 7, № 9 and № 11, which according to the complex of the studied parameters are close to the variety “Valentin 90”, are of interest in the breeding work to improve baking traits of triticale.
Highlights
The study results have shown the existence of a wide spectrum of genotypic variability of the “cell membrane permeability”, as a key physiological indicator of drought resistance among the triticale lines and varieties
The lowest value of this indicator was revealed in the genotypes (35.5 and 31.5%) and it does not differ from that in the winter rye variety “Saratovskaya 7” (33.5%, 13.1% of НСР05)
The lines No 1, No 7, No 9 and No 11, which according to the complex of the studied parameters are close to the variety “Valentin 90”, are of interest in the breeding work to improve baking traits of triticale
Summary
В статье представлены результаты изучения селекционной ценности линий озимого тритикале в основном конкурсном сортоиспытании. Результаты исследований показали существование широкого спектра генотипической изменчивости по степени выраженности показателя «проницаемость клеточных мембран» в качестве ключевого физиологического показателя засухоустойчивости среди линий и сортов тритикале. Цель исследований – выявить селекционную значимость оригинального исходного материала для его последующего использования в создании новых сортов озимого тритикале, адаптированных к засушливым условиям Поволжья. В среднем за три года достоверное превышение урожайности зерна, в сравнении со стандартом, выявлено у линий No 1, No 9, No 10, No 12, No 13 и No 14. Лидерами по зерновой продуктивности за этот период были линии No 9 и No 12 – их урожайность составила [56,9] и 54,5 ц/га соответственно при урожайности зерна стандарта [31,6] ц/га. Что высота растений у линий-лидеров продуктивности снижена по сравнению со стандартом и сортом Святозар на. 1. Урожайность зерна, его структура и высота растений у сортов и линий тритикале (2015–2017 гг.) 1. Its structure and plant height of triticale varieties and lines (2015–2017)
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