Abstract
Crown rot disease is caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum and is one of the major stubble-soil fungal diseases threatening the cereal industry globally. It causes failure of grain establishment, which brings significant yield loss. Screening crops affected by crown rot is one of the key tools to manage crown rot, because it is necessary to understand disease infection conditions, identify the severity of infection, and discover potential resistant varieties. However, screening crown rot is challenging as there are no clear visible symptoms on leaves at early growth stages. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technologies have been successfully used to better understand plant health and disease incidence, including light absorption rate, water and nutrient distribution, and disease classification. This suggests HSI imaging technologies may be used to detect crown rot at early growing stages, however, related studies are limited. This paper briefly describes the symptoms of crown rot disease and traditional screening methods with their limitations. It, then, reviews state-of-art imaging technologies for disease detection, from color imaging to hyperspectral imaging. In particular, this paper highlights the suitability of hyperspectral-based screening methods for crown rot disease. A hypothesis is presented that HSI can detect crown-rot-infected plants before clearly visible symptoms on leaves by sensing the changes of photosynthesis, water, and nutrients contents of plants. In addition, it describes our initial experiment to support the hypothesis and further research directions are described.
Highlights
Crown rot is a significant stubble-soil fungal disease that affects the cereal industry worldwide as it has been reported in the U.S, China’s southeast coast region, Africa, centralEurope, and Australasia [1,2,3,4]
Fusarium pseudograminearum is the major contributing pathogen causing crown rot that is commonly found in Australian wheat [5]
Wheat can be influenced by other fungal diseases, F. pseudograminearum has been identified and detected in 48% of fungal disease isolates from wheat in Australia [1]
Summary
Crown rot is a significant stubble-soil fungal disease that affects the cereal industry worldwide as it has been reported in the U.S, China’s southeast coast region, Africa, central. This symptom only appears on the lower stem of the plant, so it is difficult to identify in the field [19] Another typical crown rot symptom is whiteheads that occur at the late growth stages and are more visible than brown stem discoloration. There are two common scoring methods to quantify crown rot severity: one is commonly used by breeders to score plants at maturity to identify resistant candidates, and the other is used by researchers to score the disease severity level at early growth stages. It is worth noting that becolor image itself contains limited image information and is information similar to theand human eye, itto cause, the digital color image itself contains limited image is similar may not produce sufficient data collection to detect the crown rot infection and severity the human eye, it may not produce sufficient data collection to detect the crown rot infecintion its early stage.
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