Abstract
Asthma and allergies are both major global health problems with an increasing prevalence, and environmental data implicate an influence of air pollutants on their development. The present study focuses on the influence of nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) and the major allergen of the house dust mite Der p 1 on human nasal epithelial cells of nonallergic patients in vitro. Nasal epithelial mucosa samples of 11 donors were harvested during nasal air passage surgery and cultured as an air-liquid interface. Exposure to 0.1, 1 and 10 ppm NO<sub>2</sub> or synthetic air as a control was performed for 1 h. Subsequently, the cells were exposed to Der p 1 for 24 h. The release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 was measured by ELISA, and the production of IL-6 mRNA and IL-8 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. NO<sub>2</sub> exposure resulted in a concentration-dependent release of IL-6, but not IL-8 release. The coexposure of 0.1 ppm NO<sub>2</sub> and Der p 1, or 1 ppm NO<sub>2</sub> and Der p 1 significantly increased both IL-6 and IL-8 release. Exposure to NO<sub>2</sub>, Der p 1, or their combination, did not significantly influence the production of IL-6 or IL-8 mRNA. In conclusion, NO<sub>2</sub> increases the release of inflammatory cytokines in human nasal epithelial cells, especially in coexposure with Der p 1, as a mechanism of allergotoxicology.
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