Abstract
This report aims to bring together information about the most striking experimental results, new trends in gyrotron development, modern remarkable applications, new demands in parameter enhancement and future goals. The paper separated into two parts: first, related to progress in MW class gyrotron development for nuclear fusion and second, focused on the development of terahertz band gyrotrons. The data about pulsed and CW tubes, working in both specified frequencies ranges, are given. In particular, the series of 1MW/170 GHz/CW tubes with efficiency more than 50% has been developed successfully for ITER project. Same time, despite the requirement for strong magnetic fields, the problem of high ohmic losses and electron beam formation, the gyrotrons go through magic 1 THz mark with kW power level and demonstrate (in some specific combinations) operation at extremely low voltage and beam current, narrow frequency spectrum, wide frequency tuning. Novel schemes of high-frequency gyrotrons are analyzed. The novel quasioptical mode converters opened the possibility of phase-locking a number of tubes, which makes maximum power almost unlimited
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