Abstract
Marmoset wasting syndrome (MWS) is clinically characterized by progressive weight loss. Although morbidity and mortality of MWS are relatively high in captive marmosets, its causes remain unknown. Lipid mediators are bioactive metabolites which are produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid. These lipid metabolites regulate a wide range of inflammatory responses and they are excreted into the urine. As urinary lipid profiles reflect systemic inflammatory conditions, we comprehensively measured the levels of 141 types of lipid metabolites in the urines obtained from healthy common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) (N = 7) or marmosets with MWS (N = 7). We found that 41 types of metabolites were detected in all urine samples of both groups. Among them, AA-derived metabolites accounted for 63% (26/41 types) of all detected metabolites. Notably, the levels of AA-derived prostaglandin (PG) E2, PGF2α, thromboxane (TX) B2 and F2-isoprostanes significantly increased in the urine samples of marmosets with MWS. In this study, we found some urinary lipid metabolites which may be involved in the development of MWS. Although the cause of MWS remains unclear, our findings may provide some insight into understanding the mechanisms of development of MWS.
Highlights
Marmoset wasting syndrome (MWS) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in captive marmosets [1]
In the detected 38 types of metabolites, n-6 Polyunsaturated free fatty acids (PUFAs)-derived metabolites accounted for 82% (31/38 types), on the other hand, the rest of metabolites were consisted of n-3 PUFAs-derived metabolites (7/38 types)
These results suggest that n-6 fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid (AA), are mainly consumed in MWS marmosets
Summary
Marmoset wasting syndrome (MWS) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in captive marmosets [1]. The common clinical signs of MWS are chronic weight loss, diarrhea and anemia [2]. Several different lesions have been pathologically found in marmosets with clinical signs of MWS [3, 4], chronic colitis is considered one of the most important contributing factors for the development of MWS [5,6,7]. Tranexamic acid and glucocorticoid are often used to treat symptoms [1, 8].
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