Abstract
AbstractIn this article, a new and simple way of producing sparklers is presented as a school experiment. These sparklers are more environmentally friendly and less health threatening than sparklers produced with existing preparation methods. The problem of conventional sparklers is the toxicity of barium nitrate, which is used as the oxidizer. The substitution of this oxidizer with strontium nitrate and also the reduction of the weight proportion makes the new mixture less dangerous and less toxic. Various tests for the categorization of high-energetic materials show that the newly developed sparklers are not classified as explosives. Furthermore, the tests demonstrate that the newly developed sparklers are not as dangerous as commercial sparklers. Due to their lower health risk, these new sparklers are well suited for use in school education. In addition, expenditure for this experiment is low and integrating it into the upper secondary level curriculum is easy. Sparklers are an impressive example of redox reactions from everyday life. The experiment is a best-practice application for chemistry education, incorporating current results of chemistry research.
Highlights
The exact date of the invention of the first sparkler is not known
The problem of conventional sparklers is the toxicity of barium nitrate, which is used as the oxidizer
It is known that the sparkler in its present form was invented by Franz Jacob Welter more than 100 years ago
Summary
The exact date of the invention of the first sparkler is not known. it is known that the sparkler in its present form was invented by Franz Jacob Welter more than 100 years ago. Due to the ease of preparation and the very close burning behavior in comparison to commercial sparklers, the production of the new sparklers is well suited as an experiment for school students at the upper secondary level.
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