The problems of presence of weeds in the crops begin with seeds

Abstract

Goal. Determine the level of potential abrasion of arable land in the main soil-climatic zones of the country.
 Methods. Used methods of analysis and synthesis, method of comparison.
 Results. The total reserves of different types of weed seeds in the earth’s horizon 0—10 cm in the main soil-climatic zones of the country on average are: Polissya — 49 thousand pieces/m2; in the forest-steppe zone — 57 thousand pieces/m2; in the Steppe area on average — 57 thousand pieces/m2. Accordingly, during the warm period of the year, 1 m2 of arable land area is able to sprout and form stairs of weeds of various types of weeds on average: in the Polissya area — 1887 pieces; in the zone of forest-steppe — 4674 pieces; in the Steppe zone — 2242 pieces. Basically, these types of tetrophytes are annual weed species, for which the main way of reproduction and distribution is the fruits and seeds: millet cock Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Pal. Beauv.; Loboda white Chenopodium album L., Common curd (curved) Amaranthus retroflexus L., Field mustard Sinapis arvensis L., Black passion black Solanum nigrum L. and others.
 Conclusions. Reducing the costs of systems for protecting crops from crops from weeds is possible, in the first place, with the reduction of the depot volume of their seeds in the arable layer of soil.