THE PROBLEMS OF ANGIOGENESIS IN THE EYE OF PREMATURE CHILD

Abstract

The purpose of study is to investigate pathogenesis of the first pre-clinical stage of retinopathy in premature children. Materials and methods. The sampling for examination included 642 premature born children. At the moment of birth, the gestation age was uз to 30 weeks, body mass up to 1500 g (very low body mass). The study included: indirect ophthalmoscopy; digital retinoscopy using wild-field retinal pediatric camera; calibermetry of retinal vessels. The intravital analysis of biochemical composition of vitreous body in 74 children with retinopathy and 45 animals (young rabbits chinchilla). The intra-vitreous injection of inhibitors VEGF was applied to more than 300 premature born children. The results. The retinopathy of premature born children is a leading cause of blindness. The article is devoted to mainly studying pathogenesis of only pre-clinical phase I of retinopathy of premature born children that is factually explored insufficiently. It is established that pathological angiogenesis of retina triggers an area of retina with vessels that stimulates functioning of system of struggle with hyper oxygenation and delays a normal development of angiogenesis. The immature auto-regulation of vessels of retina inadequately reacts to oxygen causing expressed angiospasm and developed circulatory disorders in vascularized retina aggravating total hypoxia. These processes delay angiogenesis almost for a month. The hypoxia-induced factors HIF1.2,3 began with significant delay both to be cumulated and to stimulate production of vascular endothelial growth factor. Conclusion. The study of pathogenesis phase I of retinopathy of premature born children open opportunity to effect pathogenic sections of disease and to prevent blindness and visual impairedness in premature born children.