Abstract
The purpose of the article is to pose the problem of the universals of urban design and show schematic features of its solution in modeling and planning ensemble spaces of modern cities. An integral, correlatively universal model of urban design is yet to be created in the paradigm of sustainable development of “smart garden-cities” - as opposed to stochastic random development processes of urban territories following some quick-fix projects. Deductive and inductive methods are proposed as a basis. The general methodology is developed in the spectrum of transitions from generalized vision in the logic of universals, to particulars, revealing in the specifics of the unique. In a city that lives its own life, as a kind of faceted, multisided “Philosopher’s stone”, the universals are present everywhere and realized in the consistency of each and every element. Urban ensemble spaces that organically link the unique expressiveness of every historical chronotope gain their own algorithms in the process of urban design, supported by modeling and planning. The main results relating to the productivity in application of the universals as criteria for the estimation of architectural urban design were obtained in the design activities of the LLC “SynARChiya” and in the educational process in Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering.
Highlights
A city is a universal phenomenon of human civilization in the entirety of its economies and cultures
Why should we necessarily address the problem of universals as one of the primary professional issues in a broader and more thorough context? This is so, because, without revealing common problems, we will not be able to confidently and effectively solve many individual issues, stumbling on more complex events in the field of urban design
Humanitarian, anthropological universals reflect important typical problems of architecture, for all its millennial history traditionally lining up in response to needs and abilities, opportunities and resources for people seeking to gather in the creative community to achieve the objectives of urban design, creation and reorganization of ensemble spaces, and there is the unfolding derivative problems, which is based on socioanthropological models, plans, programmes
Summary
A city is a universal phenomenon of human civilization in the entirety of its economies and cultures. In terms of unity of diversity envisaged in individual design stages of a comprehensive town planning, the combination of the notions "philosophy" and "stone" is something that must not be rejected in any way striving for the highest quality of creation, recreation, and reproduction of cities as living chronotopes of the "stone wisdom". They are formed in a specific place to address specific needs of people who act in their proper time mentally when creating urban ensembles
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