THE PROBLEM OF OBTAINING COMBINED GAMMA AND OPTICAL DETECTORS FOR THE REGISTRATION OF FAST NUCLEAR PROCESSES

Abstract

The physical and technical aspects of the registration of fast physical processes involving nuclear transformations with the help of binary detectors in the γ-and optical ranges are considered We chose a semiconducting perovskite crystal CsPbBr3 as the main element of the detector. Have been presented with geometrical and technologically usable parameters of the CsPbBr3 crystal for its implementations in nuclear medicine, geophysics and astrophysics. One of the objects that allow testing of the developed high-speed spectrographic equipment are lightning discharges in the atmospheres of planets, including the Earth. The thermonuclear nature of γ-bursts detected during thunderstorms was revealed by their spectra. The paper shows the role of the corresponding channels involving high-energy protons and α-particles, leading to the formation of 116C, 137 N, 158O isotopes. The registration of the γ-spectrum of the flash and its evolution allowed to estimate the character, energy and time scales of the processes necessary for the design and manufacture of multipurpose measuring complexes by us. The inclusion of γ-spectra in the consideration allowed to estimate the correlation between the maximum currents of particles and the productivity of γ-rays. In the experiments planned by us, the magnetic field fluctuations caused by currents are simultaneously recorded by highly sensitive magnetic field detectors. The height of the building of the Faculty of Physics in Smolyan, Bulgaria, is 900 meters above sea level. This makes it possible to place the measuring complex as close as possible to the sources of hard radiation and to carry out easurements in the immediate vicinity. Unlike distant space objects, the perovskite detector registers the positions themselves. This makes it possible to use the methods of positron γ-spectroscopy and accurately determine the parameters of local currents. The technological parameters of the device were determined. A simulation model was created in Simulink MATLAB, LabVIEW with synchronization of the operation of the listed spectrographs. The characteristic shape of the signal formed by individual γ-quanta with the parameters of the Gaussian function and the total number of these quanta are calculated. The degree of mathematical blinding of neighboring Gaussian functions and its influence on the structure of the final spectrogram in the form of an autocorrelation function is estimated. The similarity of the time scales of thermonuclear explosion processes on white dwarfs (WD) and the processes of synthesis of 116C, 137 N and 158O isotopes in the flash head is determined. It is concluded that it is expedient to create a robotic network of lightning observation stations similar to the meteor patrol at the I. I. Mechnikov National University of Ukraine.