Abstract

The clinical-psychological-pedagogical picture of autistic personality disorders of a child is highly complex and diverse compared to other mental development disorders. The divergence of researchers' views on the autism clinic leads to a scientific discussion on the problem of conceptual and terminological base of definitions and concepts, so, as a consequence, the problem has a conceptual and diagnostic orientation. Summarizing the research of scientists, we highlight the characteristic manifestations of autism in older preschool age: lack of mental activity; violation of the interaction of mental functions; unevenness, partialness of intellectual development; gross violations of purposefulness and arbitrariness of attention; lack of lively interest, interest in the new, environmental research; the tendency to perceive information as if passively absorbing it into whole blocks; the reaction of departure from the influences of the environment directed on the child; adverse reaction or no reaction at all when trying to draw attention to the objects of the surrounding reality; rapid exhaustion and oversaturation with any purposeful activity; difficulty concentrating; difficulties in symbolization, transfer of skills from one situation to another; impaired formation of social and communicative functions. Having analyzed many scientific studies, we can determine the number and variety of speech disorders in children with autistic disorders: challenging to interpret crying; limited barking; lack of imitation of sounds; phonography of speech; mutism; echolalia; words-stamps, phrases-stamps; neologisms; limited use of pronouns; lack of speech in speech; speech autonomy; speech disorders; inability to form words; violation of the semantic, syntactic, grammatical structure of speech; violation of speech melody; violation of prosodic components of speech; inability to engage in dialogue; specificity of the development of monologue speech.

Highlights

  • The clinical-psychological-pedagogical picture of autistic personality disorders of a child is highly complex and diverse compared to other mental development disorders

  • The initial period of mental development of an autistic child is still inaccessible for direct research

  • Including, mental, tone, combined with increased sensory and emotional sensitivity, causes a shallow level of active attention (Ostrovska, 2013; Tarasun, 2004): gross violations of focus and arbitrariness of attention, which interferes with the normal formation of higher mental functions; mental oversaturation (Skrypnyk, 2008; Tarasun, 2004)

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Summary

Introduction

The clinical-psychological-pedagogical picture of autistic personality disorders of a child is highly complex and diverse compared to other mental development disorders. Examining the manifestations of autism in early and preschool age, researchers (Melnyk et al, 2019, 2021; Wing & Gould, 1979) note that a child with autistic disorders is not by generally accepted age norms from the first months of life and affects the variety of manifestations. According to Bayenskaya (2001) research, the formation of this syndrome is completed by 2.5-3 years, when the disorders are already pervasive and are manifested in the peculiarities of motor, speech, intellectual development. The general picture of children's early development in this category is described in many sources, scientists emphasize certain sensory and speech development features, research and cognitive activity, development of instinctive-affective sphere, communication skills, and social behavior (Vrono & Bashina, 1988)

Complexity and variability of autistic disorders
Conditions for preserving traces of emotional experiences
Findings
Conclusions
Full Text
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