Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the formation of institutional trust, which will help to clarify and, at the same time, raise questions regarding the determination of the level of trust in state and political institutions in Ukraine and in modern European countries. In the context of the study, the tasks were considered to identify the factors that influence the formation of citizens’ trust in political institutions, namely: the effectiveness of the activities of political institutions; personal experience of interaction of citizens with representatives of authorities; the level of trust in the state as a whole, which can be transferred to individual state institutions. Analyzing the data from the Rounds (waves) 1-9 of the European Social Survey (ESS) in 2002-2018, the level of confidence in Ukraine’s political and public institutions and in the other European countries is compared. The analysis makes it possible to determine the factors that are present at the supra-individual level (at the country level) and which can influence the public policy of the state. The results of the study can be used to suggest possible measures to increase public confidence in major public institutions.
Highlights
Despite the efforts of scientists around the world, it is still unknown how long a pandemic associated with the spread of the COVID-19 virus will last, how to overcome it and reduce the risks of other crises in the economy, politics, social and other spheres
High level in modern developed societies with dense networks of social ties and voluntary associations, where political institutions work in a way that compels or encourages individuals to have a reliable, responsible, trusting behavior, a level of all kinds of trust, which in turn has a reverse effect on political institutions
This is the pattern we have found in “high-confidence societies” to which, for example, modern Scandinavian societies belong: Denmark, Norway, Switzerland, Finland [Аnnex 1-5]
Summary
Despite the efforts of scientists around the world, it is still unknown how long a pandemic associated with the spread of the COVID-19 virus will last, how to overcome it and reduce the risks of other crises in the economy, politics, social and other spheres. In order to overcome the crisis, governments in many countries have to take unpopular measures of public administration. The effectiveness of these measures depends largely on the level of trust between the institutions of government and society. It is well known that trust is one of the basic factors that determines interpersonal, and social, economic political relations at different levels of existence and development of society. It should be noted that in the aspect of research of civil society and the state, modern researchers as the most important distinguish between the problem of trust in public authorities (Trust in Political Institutions) and the problem of the relationship of institutional trust (Political of Institutional Trust) with interpersonal Trust (Lukin, 2005; Terin, 2018)
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