Abstract
BackgroundPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR-γ2) is a transcription factor with a key role in adipocyte differentiation, lipid storage and glucose homeostasis. The Ala allele of the common Pro12Ala polymorphism in the isoform PPAR-γ2 is at the center of many controversies because in some populations, it has been observed to be associated with T2DM or obesity but, not in others. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the PPAR-γ2 gene with susceptibility to obesity or T2DM in a Cameroonian population.MethodsThis case-control study included 62 obese, 60 T2DM patients and 120 controls (60 non obese and 60 patients without T2DM), all unrelated and of Cameroonian origin. PPAR-γ2 was examined by genotyping for Pro12Ala using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism - Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR - RFLP).ResultsA portion of the 270 base pair bands of the PPAR-γ2 gene was successfully amplified. The Ala12 variant was totally absent from the study population, all participants being homozygote Pro/Pro.ConclusionPPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala gene polymorphism may not be associated with obesity and T2DM. These results suggest that, PPAR-γ2 is unlikely a major gene for obesity or T2DM in the study population.
Highlights
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR-γ2) is a transcription factor with a key role in adipocyte differentiation, lipid storage and glucose homeostasis
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that can occur as a result of impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and increased hepatic glucose output [3]
In the group of T2DM status (Table 2), the diastolic blood pressure (p =0.034), total Cholesterol (p < 0.001), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - Cholesterol (p < 0.001) and the atherogenic index (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in non T2DM patients compared to the T2DM patients
Summary
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR-γ2) is a transcription factor with a key role in adipocyte differentiation, lipid storage and glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the PPAR-γ2 gene with susceptibility to obesity or T2DM in a Cameroonian population. A CCA-GCA mutation leading to the substitution of proline by alanine on codon 12 of exon B of the PPAR-γ2 has been described This mutation was first identified by Schuldiner’s group in 1997 with different ethnic population showing various allelic frequencies that is probably modulated by environmental and other genetics factors. Many studies clearly show heterogeneous effects of this polymorphism on predicting susceptibility to the risk of T2DM and obesity in various populations [8,9,10] This preliminary study aimed to investigate the association of Pro12Ala with T2DM and obesity in a Cameroonian population
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