The principles of architectural and planning organization of structures for bicycles in cities

Abstract

The dynamic development of modern cities has led to an increase of the concentration of urban population, complications in communication, and environmental degradation. Effective strategies for increasing the use of alternative types of transport are emerging. Bicycle and pedestrian traffic, combined with high quality public transport, forms a sustainable transport system that influences cost management, quality of life in cities, health and the environment. The development of bicycle infrastructure is a response to the reduction of motorization in some parts of the city, positively reflects on the environmental situation of the city, increases its tourist and investment attractiveness.Bicycle structures, the main functions of which are short-term and long-term storage, are an important component of urban bicycle infrastructure. The location of these properties in the city should be conveniently accessible from the source to the transitional or final destination. Functional areas of the building should be rationally planned in the interconnection of the premises and optimal in the calculated areas. The need for additional features depends on the degree of integration: whether bicycle storage areas are built into public buildings or designed as separate rooms, built-in or located at a distance. When increasing bicycle units, storage areas should be allowed to expand.Based on the analysis, the basic principles of architectural and planning organization of bicycle structures were determined: the principle of accessibility, functional expediency, integration and spatial development of the structure. The principle of "accessibility" implies locating of bicycle facilities on the main pedestrian traffic routes, in the areas of transplantation, in recreational areas, from which the calculation of accessibility radii to the day care facilities accessible by bicycle is obtained. The principle of "functional expediency" aims at such a rational planning organization of the structure, which provides the necessary conditions for maintenance of the bicycle and the cyclist. The principle of "integration" of structures or premises for bicycles makes it necessary to combine with objects of another purpose. The principle of "spatial development" of a bicycle facility provides the possibility of incorporating additional functions of maintenance, transformation and modularity in the expansion and completion of structures of this type.