Abstract
This article analyzes the principles and organization of the operation of the military runways used by Polish and Allied aircrafts during missions in Iraq. The main goal of the article is to describe the organization and method of air traffic management by the Polish air traffic controllers (ATC). It depicts the method of planning and preparing aviation operations, the principles of air traffic organization, which were the responsibility of the Polish controllers, and the rules for the traffic above the airstrip. Among the particular problems that are discussed, there are the rules of airspace segmentation, the introduced solutions for air traffic control, and the use of airport infrastructure. The experiences discussed include valuable information regarding the process of securing air traffic that can be helpful in the organization of landing pads and in preparation of both Polish and allied military contingent aviation personnel for future aboard operations. This paper presents the results of the research carried out with the ATC personnel performing tasks in Iraq.
Highlights
The Circumstances of Initiating Operations in IraqThe organization of airports and how to use them during peacetime are strictly regulated by ICAO1 rules
The theoretical goal of this publication is to try to find an answer to the question: How do airstrips and military air traffic services operate in times of war?
Prior receipt of consent (PPR) to land guaranteed basing and that air traffic services would be provided. This rule did not apply to Medical evacuation (MEDEVAC)/CASEVAC cases, or aircraft in EMERGENCY situations, which were operated on an ongoing basis or after arrangements with the liaison officer of the Multinational Division Central-South (MND-CS)
Summary
The organization of airports and how to use them during peacetime are strictly regulated by ICAO1 rules. Most of the airport’s operational infrastructure under the control of military air traffic services was located on the north side of the runways. Entering the Iraqi airspace required establishing radio contact with the following area control authorities: from the Turkish border – with the unit codenamed “JUNKYARD” at 119.075 MHz (primary frequency) or at 118.875 MHz (secondary frequency); from the borders of Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria or Iran – with the unit codenamed “DEMON” at 119.675 MHz (primary frequency) or 112.875 MHz (secondary frequency); from the Kuwaiti border – with the “TROPICAL” unit at 119.125 MHz (primary frequency) or 123.250 MHz (secondary frequency) These rules have been published to introduce orderly air traffic for all aircraft, both military and civilian, which were used for providing supply (food delivery, transport of people and military and civilian equipment). In the event of onboard unlawful interference, the aircraft equipped with transponder[6] carried out set up procedures with the use of the proper transponder’s “special codes” 7 in the 3A or C mode.[8]
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