The principle of landscape conformity in the project of the academic arboretum

Abstract

The problem of preserving and transforming the existing arboretum and natural forest in the conditions of urban development in the middle zone of the city is considered. The park is located in the scientific town of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences in Irkutsk. The territory has the properties of a landscape park. At the same time, it is actively used as a walking area and for sports activities. Due to the fact that the park is surrounded by intensive urban development, there are risks of using the land for housing construction. The paper proves its recreational and architectural and landscape value. The spatial structure is based on special combinations of clearings and forest stands in the park. The pedestrian path system, which has been forming for 60 years, is a picturesque network that at first glance seems random. The study of the territory allowed us to identify the patterns of network organization. The principle of landscape-like design of the park consists in the rational use of the terrain, the preservation of the structures of clearings and plantings, and the improvement of the pavement of pedestrian paths without changing the configurations of the path network. The forest area is cut by a highway. For the crossing of the road by pedestrians and cyclists, a bicycle-pedestrian bridge is proposed in the project. The design and architectural form of the bridge minimize the impact on the landscape of this structure. The bridge is designed as two spirals suspended from two tall masts. With a length of 210 m, it covers an area with a radius of less than 20 meters. The microrelief on the hillside, represented by micro-divides and hollows, allows you to differentiate new plantings in the park according to the properties of the landscape caused by this microrelief.