The principle of justice in wartime legislation: theoretical and legal analysis

Abstract

The article considers the principle of the fundamental principle of law ¬ – justice in the state wartime regulation. The concept of justice is one of the cornerstones and most relevant issues of jurisprudence worldwide. The system of fundamental principles of law includes the principles of justice, equality, freedom and humanism. Their valuable combination is the principle of the rule of law. Existential conditions of war determine the aggravation of the public need for justice and its reflection in the current legislation. The legislator must take them into account in the rulemaking work. This applies to both institutional and subjective justice. It is also important to take into account the understanding of the principle of justice in law as freedom, and law as a measure of freedom. In the context of justice, both positive and negative freedom acquire meaning. The war increases psycho-emotional tension in the society to the maximum level. Under such circumstances, Leon Petrażycki’s Psychological Theory of Law takes on special significance. As the human psyche adapts to social life, law changes accordingly. Attention to the issues of justice in legislation increases the importance of natural law. Just as the Second World War caused a return to natural law theories, the events of the Russian-Ukrainian war are going to increase attention to human rights and increase the social role of natural law theories. In the conditions of war, Ukrainians demonstrate a high level of legal culture. There was no rise in mob violence or illegal establishment of justice in the society. Therefore, it is in the context of the legal procedure that ensuring procedural justice and the requirements of the rule of law gain their particular importance. In the conditions of war, the value features of law acquire special importance compared to the instrumental ones. Ensuring the moral value of the law, strengthening the role of the fundamental principles – the principle of justice and the principle of the rule of law should be the way to satisfy the increased public demand for justice in legislation. Key words: fundamental principles of law, justice, institutional justice, principle of rule of law, Psychological Theory of Law, Natural Law Theories.