Abstract

Abstract In Chapter 3, we found that the empathy–altruism hypothesis and the remove-empathy hypothesis (the prime egoistic suspect) make distinct predictions in an Ease-of-Escape (easy, difficult) × Empathic-Concern (low, high) 2 × 2 experimental design. This chapter describes four different experiments that employed this design. Results of none patterned as predicted by the remove-empathy hypothesis. Instead, the results consistently patterned as predicted by the empathy–altruism hypothesis. Apparently, the motivation produced by empathic concern is not directed toward the ultimate goal of removing the empathic concern itself. Some other self-benefit must be the ultimate goal of the increased helping produced by feeling empathy for a person in need.

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