The Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in High School Females: Implications for Prevention and Wellness Education

Abstract

Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional survey. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in nulliparous high school females and to examine strategies used to control UI in this population. Background: Urinary incontinence, the complaint of any involuntary leakage of urine, is common among women with prevalence rates varying between 10% and 55%. Limited research has been completed on the prevalence of UI in females between the ages of 15-18 years old. Additionally, limited research has been presented on the education provided or the tertiary prevention methods used in this age group. Methods and Measures: After obtaining parental consent, high school females (n=90) completed a survey with questions regarding pregnancy history, level of physical activity, prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI), methods of prevention, and knowledge of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strengthening. Results: Of the 90 subjects, 38 (42.2%) experienced some form of involuntary leakage. This included SUI (37.8%) with coughing, sneezing, or laughing; SUI (23.3%) during physical activities such as lifting, running, jumping, and abrupt movements; and UUI (16.7%). Of the 90 subjects, 6 reported having received rehabilitative education on PFM strengthening. Conclusion: This study found the prevalence of involuntary leakage to be significant in the age population of 15-18. This study also concludes there is little to no education, awareness, and knowledge on the topic of involuntary leakage within this population.