Abstract
BackgroundTo optimize treatment regimens, we assessed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diversity and the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Anhui province, China.MethodsA total of 139 MSM who were newly diagnosed and antiretroviral treatment-naive were enrolled in Anhui in 2011. A partial pol fragment was amplified and sequenced, and HIV subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analyses. Surveillance/transmitted drug resistance mutations (SDRMs) were identified according to the 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) list.ResultsA total of 133 (95.7%) samples were successfully amplified and sequenced. Based on phylogenetic analyses of the pol fragment, CRF01_AE accounted for 55.6% (74/133) of the infections, followed by CRF07_BC with 32.3% (43/133), B with 5.3% (7/133), and unique recombinant forms with 6.8% (9/133). A total of 3.0% (4/133) of the subjects were found to harbor HIV variants with SDRMs, including 1.5% with NRTI-related mutations and 1.5% with NNRTI-related mutations. PI-related mutations were absent. The SDRMs included L210W (1.5%), Y181C (0.8%), and G190A (0.8%).ConclusionsIn Anhui, CRF01_AE strains contributed to most of the HIV infections among MSM, and the prevalence of TDR was relatively low in this population. Further studies should be performed to evaluate the trend of TDR among MSM in Anhui and to inform first-line antiretroviral treatment.
Highlights
34.0 million people were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by the end of 2011
We focused on HIV-1-infected treatment-naive men who have sex with men (MSM) in Anhui province, and found that the overall transmitted drug resistance (TDR) rate was 3.0%, slightly lower than the national level and Liaoning province [23,24]
We report that 1.5% of samples were resistant to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTIs), 1.5% of samples were resistant to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTIs), and none were resistant to protease inhibitors (PIs)
Summary
34.0 million people were living with HIV by the end of 2011. An estimated 0.8% of adults 15–49 years of age worldwide are currently living with HIV-1 [1]. Studies suggest an increasing HIV-1 prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM), and some evidence indicates that the global prevalence of HIV-1 infection among MSM has increased from 2010 to 2012 [2,3]. The HIV-1 epidemic in China has increased. By the end of 2011, there were 780,000 people in China infected with HIV-1, with a national prevalence rate of 0.058%. We assessed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diversity and the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Anhui province, China
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