The prevalence of selective IgA deficiency in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

A significant increase in the prevalence of selective IgA deficiency has been observed in patients with autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease and susceptibility to both IDDM and IgA deficiency is associated with HLA DQB1 alleles encoding non-Asp amino acids at position 57. In order to assess whether the prevalence of selective IgA deficiency is increased in IDDM, we have screened a homogeneous series of adult patients with IDDM for selective IgA deficiency. One patient (1:261) was found to have a selective IgA deficiency. The prevalence of selective IgA deficiency among adult French blood donors is 1:1400. Thus, although IDDM and selective IgA deficiency are both associated with the presence of non-Asp amino acids at position 57 of the HLA DQ beta chain, the frequency of this immunodeficiency in adult IDDM patients is not significantly increased.