Abstract
Background and objectives:Ejection fraction (EF) is a measurement of heart function that reflects the portion of pumped out blood from the filled left ventricle per each heartbeat. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of left ventricular thrombus in patients with EF lower than 35% by using Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE).Methods:In this prospective study, 82 cardiac patients underwent TTE procedure in order to assess the presence of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) from January 1st to December 31st 2017 at the Military Cardiac Centre in Sana’a, Yemen.Results:Out of 82 patients enrolled in this study, the mean age was 49.13 ± 14.8 years and 87.8% were male. The mean of EF was 31.16% and LVT was found in 6.1%. The spontaneous contrast was seen in 25.6% of patients indicating strong relationship with low EF (p < 0.001). Among patients with low EF, ischemic heart disease (IHD) was identified in 50%, hypertension in 30.5%, diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 in 23.2%, and hyperlipidemia 12.2%. Exactly 80% of LVT were detected in IHD patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) and 80% of detected LVT were apical in site.Conclusion:Cardiac patients with low ejection fraction developed left ventricular thrombosis, and most of the affected patients were ischemic heart disease with dilated cardiomyopathy. Interestingly, spontaneous contrast was found high significantly in these patients, which may reflect the continuous process of thrombus formation.
Highlights
Ejection fraction (EF) is the portion of pumped out oxygen-rich blood from a filled left ventricle to the aorta per each heartbeat
This study is intended firstly to assess the incidence of left ventricle (LV) thrombus in patients with low EF, and secondary to assess the relationship between common habits in Yemeni population such as khat chewing, smoking, shamma using with reduced EF of the heart
Patients with EF less than 35% underwent another Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) to assess the presence of left ventricular thrombus (LVT)
Summary
Ejection fraction (EF) is the portion of pumped out oxygen-rich blood from a filled left ventricle to the aorta per each heartbeat. It measures the pumping ability and function of the heart. This study is intended firstly to assess the incidence of LV thrombus in patients with low EF, and secondary to assess the relationship between common habits in Yemeni population such as khat chewing, smoking, shamma using with reduced EF of the heart. This is the first study intended to assess the prevalence of LV thrombus in low EF patients
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