The prevalence of HIV infection in patients of general hospitals as a parameter for monitoring the system of epidemiological surveillance

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of HIV infection in patients of large multidisciplinary hospitals in providing emergency and planned medical care and to evaluate the value of the long-term dynamics of this indicator as a quantitative characteristic of the epidemic process of HIV infection. Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyzed the results of examination for HIV infection of patients in the Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine (RIEM) and Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute (MONIKI) from 2008 to 2017. Long-term dynamics of the prevalence HIV infection were analyzed by using linear regression analysis. The intensity of trends (growth/decline) was assessed by the criteria proposed by V. D. Belyakov et al. (1981). Results. We examined for HIV infection 251 213 and 165 194 people in the research RIEM and MONIKI, respectively. For decade, the number of hospitalizations of HIV-infected patients to RIEM increased by 1.7 times, to MONIKI by 3.1 times. Prevalence of HIV infection in the patients of RIEM exceeded MONIKI ones from 3,2 to 6,0 times. At the same time, MONIKI showed a statistically significant trend towards an increase in hospitalizations of HIV-infected citizens (R2=0,8049, p=0,0004) with a pronounced average annual growth rate of 9,6% per year. Conclusion. We obtained results indicates a tendency to increase the number of recourses HIV-infected persons to general hospitals inMoscow andMoscow region. The most significant average annual increase in the prevalence over a decade period were recorded in the intensive care (+14.2%) and surgical (+9.8%) departments of MONIKI. Indicator groups of high risk of HIV infection in theMoscow region should be considered patients with urgent surgical pathology, acute exogenous poisoning of chemical etiology, as well as persons suffering from mental disorders.