Abstract
Background/Aim Stroke or cerebrovascular accident is defined as sudden or sub acute onset of focal neurologic deficit, caused by the interruption of blood flow to parts of the brain. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia among stroke patients in Palestine. Materials and Methods A total of 70 patients with stroke were included in a cross-sectional study between November 2017 and February 2018. Stroke patients were diagnosed based on a CT scan reviewed by a neurologist. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure the lipid profile (cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triacylglycerol (TAG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL)), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. An interview-based questionnaire, included background data, past medical history, family history, and other risk factors for stroke, was filled for each patient. Results Based on our results, 28.57% of patients had high LDL, 17.1% had high cholesterol, 15.7% had high TAG and 61.3% had low HDL. About half of the patients (51.4%) had abnormal HbA1c and abnormal FBG (52.8%). The majority (67.1%) of patients were males, whereas, 11% of patients were obese (BMI of more than 30 kg/m2) and 51.4% were smokers. Regarding the family history of diseases, 81% of patients had a family history of hypertension, 50% had a family history of stroke, and 58% had a family history of diabetes mellitus. ConclusionMale gender and smoking were most likely to increase the risk of stroke. Risk factors like low HDL, high LDL, high FBG, high HbA1c, and hypertension contribute substantially to the incidence of stroke. A family history of stroke, hypertension and diabetes were significant risk factors for stroke.
Highlights
Stroke, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide
Dyslipidemia and diabetes are two of the common disorders all over the world, and they are considered as risk factors for many diseases, while stroke is a clinical condition that directly and badly affects life and may result in death. erefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia in stroke patients and to assess the risk factors associated with stroke among these patients and this would influence the treatment course and prognosis of stroke per se
Stroke is classically characterized as a neurological deficit attributed to an acute focal injury of the central nervous system by a vascular cause, including cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, and is a major cause of disability and death worldwide [27]. e presentation of stroke is variable, ranging from subtle to severe, depending on the area of brain involved and the nature of the attack [28]
Summary
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for 165,000 deaths occur each year in United States Alone [1]. E most common symptom of stroke is sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, most o en on one side of the body which is considered a focal neurological de cit [5]. Lifestyle habits as tobacco and alcohol use, sedentary life and obesity, high blood pressure, atrial brillation, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and atherosclerosis can be considered as controllable risk factors. Uncontrollable risk factors for stroke include age, gender, race, family history and previous history of stroke or transient ischemic attack [6]
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