The prevalence of beta-blocker use among medical students in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of beta blockers' use in Saudi medical students in all regions in Saudi Arabia during their college years. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted targeting medical students in all regions of Saudi Arabia during their college years. A total of 745 students were included. The questionnaire used was divided into three main parts. Demographic information, if they were offered or recommended to use propranolol, and details about the use of propranolol. Results: Out of total, 15.3% reported using propranolol, 20.9% participants were recommended beta blockers, but only 17.6% had offered them. Usage of beta blockers was significantly higher among clinical year students compared to junior students. Gender, region, and GPA did not show differences in beta-blocker use among students. The most common reasons for using propranolol were anxiety relief (82.2%), performance enhancement (41.5%), before the objective structured clinical exams (OSCEs; 70.3%). Conclusion: The prevalence of beta-blocker utilization among medical students in Saudi Arabia appeared to be notably elevated compared to reported figures from European nations. The findings from the current research indicated a noticeable increase in beta-blocker usage among students who were engaged in smoking, used illegal or psychoactive substances, or consumed energy drinks. There is a need to raise awareness about the risks and implications of using beta-blockers without medical guidance.