THE PREVALENCE AND STRUCTURE OF ALLERGIC DISEASES IN ATHLETES OF THE HIGHEST ACHIEVEMENTS

Abstract

Background. To identify the prevalence of allergic diseases, characteristics of the spectrum of allergens in athletes of the highest achievements. Materials and Methods. 417 athletes of the highest achievements were examined (members of the Russian Federation national teams of different sports). To assess the allergic status of the athletes allergological, pharmacological, nutritional histories were collected. Also we used skin prick tests with various groups of allergens, identification of allergen-specific IgE in serum (indicated) to confirm allergy. Results. Among the athletes of highest achievements a high prevalence of AD (24,5%) was revealed. In 20,3% latent sensitization was determined. The sensitization to the domestic and epidermal allergens was predominant (90,2%). In the spectrum of pollen allergens in 62,5% of athletes sensitization to Compositae and Chenopodiaceae pollen was dominated. In structure of AD AR occurred in 50%, hay fever — in 20,5%, urticaria — in 13,7%, drug allergy — in 10,8%, asthma — in 7,8%. Conclusion. Early detection and adequate therapy of AD in athletes will significantly improve the health level and athletic performance.