The prevalence and risk factors of peripheral neuropathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; the case of Jordan

Nahla Khawaja,Kamel M Ajlouni,Yousef S Khader,Said S Dahbour,Mohammed Saleh,Jawad Abu-Shennar

doi:10.1186/s13098-018-0309-6

Abstract

BackgroundPeripheral neuropathy is one of the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. This study is conducted to determine the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Jordan. A total of 1003 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Data were collected from participants during a face-to-face structured interview. DPN was assessed using the translated version of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI).ResultsThe overall prevalence of DPN based on MNSI was 39.5%. The most frequently reported symptoms were numbness (32.3%) and pain with walking (29.7%), while the least reported symptoms were the history of amputation (1.3%) and loss of sensation in legs/feet while walking (3.8%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that unemployment, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, diabetic retinopathy and long standing DM (diabetes of ≥ 5 years) were significantly associated with DPN.ConclusionPeripheral Neuropathy is highly prevalent among Jordanian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. DPN was significantly associated with duration of DM, dyslipidemia, diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and unemployment. Early detection and appropriate intervention are mandatory among high-risk groups.

Highlights

Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is the predominant variety in patients with diabetes whether type 1 or type 2. It manifests as distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN), known as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), causing nerve damage in the extremities the feet, in addition to radiculopathy and mononeuropathy [5, 6]
This study was cross-sectional in design conducted among adult patients (≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had regular follow up visits at the NCDEG for at least 6 months

Summary

Introduction

Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Neuropathy is the most common microvascular complications among diabetics that can involve peripheral, central and/or autonomic nervous systems [5,6,7]. DPN is defined as the presence of symptoms or signs of peripheral nerve dysfunction in people with diabetes after other possible causes have been excluded [8]. This definition reflects that the causality of neuropathy in diabetic patients is related to various factors in addition to hyperglycemia. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad because of the complex anatomy of the peripheral, central and autonomic nervous systems

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Results

Discussion

Conclusion