The prevalence and risk factors of anemia in a general population from Kailuan in north China

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in a general population in Kailuan. Methods: Working and retired employees in Kailuan Company who had participated in biennial physical examination from 2006-2014 were investigated by questionnaire and blood test. Hemoglobin levels<120 g/L in male and<110 g/L in female are defined as anemia. The trend of prevalence of anemia was analyzed by chi square test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with anemia. Results: (1) The biennial prevalence of anemia in Kailuan during 2006-2014 were 3.7%, 3.1%, 2.4%, 1.3%, 1.5%. The corresponding proportion were 3.3%, 2.3%, 1.9%, 0.8%, 1.0% in males and 5.3%, 5.9%, 4.2%, 3.1% and 3.3% in females, respectively. The differences between males and females were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The prevalence of anemia declined over time (P for trend<0.05). (2) The results of multivariable logistic regression showed that aging and elevated hs-CRP were positively associated with anemia, with OR= 1.01 (95%CI 1.01-1.02) and 1.03 (95%CI 1.02-1.03) , respectively. While male, BMI, physical exercise, smoking, hyperlipidemia were negatively associated with anemia with OR= 0.60 (95%CI 0.55-0.65) , 0.99 (95%CI 0.98-0.99) , 0.91 (95%CI 0.82-0.98) , 0.87 (95%CI 0.81-0.95) and 0.87 (95%CI 0.81-0.94) , respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia in a large general population in Kailuan has been analyzed. Prevalence of anemia is higher in males than females and declines over time. Several demographic and clinical characteristics are associated with anemia.