Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration is common among men who use substances. Substance use is a contributing factor for IPV perpetration. This cross-sectional study determined lifetime prevalence and factors associated with ever perpetrating IPV by men receiving substance use treatment in Brazil (n = 281) and England (n = 223). IPV, adverse childhood experiences, attitudes towards gender relations and roles, current health state, substance use, depressive symptoms and anger expression were assessed. Logistic regression determined factors associated with ever perpetrating any (emotional, physical and/or sexual) IPV. Multinomial logistic regression determined factors associated with ever perpetrating different types of IPV. 74.6% (373/500) reported ever perpetrating IPV: 16.5% (82/498) emotional IPV only, 46.4% (231/498) physical IPV (with/without emotional IPV) and 11.6% (58/498) sexual IPV (with/without emotional and/or physical IPV). Higher anger expression, higher depressive symptoms, fighting physically with another man in the past year (Brazil only), experiencing a greater number of adverse childhood experiences and a higher hazardous drinking score (England only) predicted ever perpetrating IPV. Compared to never perpetrating any IPV, anger expression was associated with emotional and physical IPV perpetration; fighting physically with another man in the past year was associated with physical IPV perpetration and experiencing a greater number of adverse childhood experiences and a higher hazardous drinking score were associated with both physical and sexual IPV perpetration. Integrated interventions that address IPV and substance use delivered in substance use treatment could improve outcomes for perpetrators and victims.[Gilchrist G, Radcliffe P, Noto AR, d'Oliveira AFPL. The prevalence and factors associated with ever perpetrating intimate partner violence by men receiving substance use treatment in Brazil and England: A cross-cultural comparison. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;36:34-51].
Highlights
Introduction and AimsIntimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration is common among men who use substances
A convenience sample of 519 participants were recruited during November 2014 to June 2015 by researchers in six public health system funded outpatient community substance use services in São Paulo, Brazil, three in London and three in South East England
Participants were more likely to be receiving treatment for drugs and less likely to be receiving treatment for alcohol in England, with 65.3% of men in England compared to 74.0% of men in Brazil meeting criteria for hazardous drinking in the past 12 months
Summary
Introduction and AimsIntimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration is common among men who use substances. Higher depressive symptoms, fighting physically with another man in the past year (Brazil only), experiencing a greater number of adverse childhood experiences and a higher hazardous drinking score (England only) predicted ever perpetrating IPV. The prevalence and factors associated with ever perpetrating intimate partner violence by men receiving substance use treatment in Brazil and England: A cross-cultural comparison. Lower socio-economic status, adverse childhood experiences (ACE), substance (alcohol and/or drug) use, psychological problems, anger expression, perpetrating other forms of violence, having inequitable gender attitudes, support of gender-specific roles and permissive attitudes towards violence against women are associated with IPV perpetration [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Substance use may be the mechanism for reducing the threshold at which a perceived provocation results in IPV for people who do not usually behave aggressively, but not for those who are aggressive regardless of whether they are under the influence of substances [29]
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