Abstract
Equine hoof canker and bovine digital dermatitis are infectious inflammatory diseases of the hooves with an unknown etiology. However, anaerobic spirochetes of the genus Treponema are considered to be potential etiological agents. The aim of this study was to find a suitable way to isolate DNA and to detect the presence of treponemal DNA in samples of equine hoof canker and bovine digital dermatitis. DNAzol®® Direct and column kits were used to isolate DNA from samples of equine hoof canker and bovine digital dermatitis. The presence of Treponema spp. was detected using PCR and Sanger sequencing. DNAzol®® Direct is suitable for isolating DNA from these types of samples. Treponemal DNA was detected in equine hoof samples as well as in bovine digital dermatitis skin samples. In equine hoof biopsies, the most frequently detected was Treponema pedis (8/13). Treponema brennaborense (2/13) and Treponema denticola (2/13) were also found. In the case of bovine digital dermatitis, Treponema medium ssp. bovis was confirmed in 14 of 36 skin samples. Treponema pedis (9/36), Treponema vincentii (1/36), Treponema phagedenis (1/36), and Treponema brennaborense (1/36) were detected as well. DNAzol®® Direct was more appropriate for isolation of treponemal DNA because the columns isolation method was more equipment and time-consuming. The presence of several Treponema spp. was determined in the samples. In horses, the most commonly detected species was a T. pedis, while in cattle it was T. medium ssp. bovis.
Highlights
IntroductionTypical lesions have been classified based on clinical appearance into five stages [1] and are located mainly on the plantar aspect of the hind foot
Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) manifests as painful, ulcerative or proliferative lesions.Typical lesions have been classified based on clinical appearance into five stages [1] and are located mainly on the plantar aspect of the hind foot
The same annealing temperature and the parameters of the PCR protocol suitable for the detection of T. pedis were suitable for T. brennaborense
Summary
Typical lesions have been classified based on clinical appearance into five stages [1] and are located mainly on the plantar aspect of the hind foot This inflammatory disease of interdigital skin is one of the most common causes of lameness [2,3]. The pathognomonic condition of equine hoof canker (pododermatitis chronic verrucosa) has a very similar clinical course, clinical signs and pathological appearance to BDD [6]. It endangers the use and welfare of horses due to the instability of the affected hoof capsule and the subsequent lameness [7]. Hoof canker generally originates from the frog and associated sulcus
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